Seed treatments refer to the application of various chemicals, biological agents, or physical treatments to seeds before planting in order to improve germination, protect against pests and diseases, enhance plant growth, and ultimately increase crop yields. Seed treatments can include fungicides, insecticides, nematicides, growth regulators, micronutrients, and beneficial microbes. These treatments are typically applied through coating, pelleting, or soaking methods to ensure uniform coverage and maximum efficacy. Seed treatments play a crucial role in sustainable agriculture by promoting healthy plant development and reducing the need for synthetic pesticides and fertilizers.